You mean the optional post install instructions, which is a separate page from the main install instructions, and contains a giant warning about the security implications?

https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/linux-postinstall

If the official sudo project had a guide on how to disable passwords, that shouldn't be taken as endorsement of having that as a default config.

Per my other comments, it does not really matter if you disable the sudo password or not. If you have a sudo binary at all you effectively are giving every user process root since malware can mask the sudo command and intercept the password so trivially.